Research infrastructures[edit]
Definition
are often a result of collaborative effort and long-term resource accumulation, and they enhance collaboration and efficient use of research resources. They can be instruments, equipment, information networks, databases, materials and services, or research organisations that serve to facilitate research, promote research collaboration and reinforce research and innovation capacity and know-how. Research infra- structures (e.g. library, greenhouse, research forest, barn, labo- ratory, computational hardware, database, software repository) can be used to provide infrastructure services (research service carried out in the greenhouse). The responsible organisation can provide support in, for instance, the use of machines and equipment to carry out successful experiments. These services can have virtual access (e.g. data products), remote access (e.g. remotely controlled measurement devices), or physical access (e.g. physical visit to calibrate a measurement device) services. Hence, research infrastructures may be single-sited, distributed or virtual, or a combination of these, and they are often used to collect data that will be stored to databases. The scope varies from local to national and international equipment and infrastructure services. Europe hosts several large-scale research infrastructures that are open to collaborative use across national boundaries. Research infrastructures are maintained primarily for research purposes. Examples of other types of infrastructures that may be additionally utilised in research include innovation, development and technology.
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